Cyber Security Interview Questions For Freshers 2022
If you are a fresher and just completed your training in Cybersecurity and preparing for a job interview, then these interview questions you must know are asked most commonly during Cyber Security interviews.
However, if you are an experience holder, these interview questions will still benefit you and help you refresh the basics of Cybersecurity.
I tried to cover all the mostly asked cybersecurity interview questions in this post with their answers so that you don’t have to search for answers with any unknown resources.
At Cybersecurity Masters, we provide separate sessions to our students, including mock interviews, so they can quickly clear their interviews without fear.
However, if you can’t attend our session, still these questions will help you in many ways to understand the basics of Cybersecurity and crack your interview.
So, here are the Top 50 Cyber Security Interview Questions for freshers that you must prepare if you are going for the job.
About Cyber Security
Before moving to the topic, we believe that you must have an idea about what is cyber security. Cyber Security is a very beneficial program in protecting computers, servers, electronic systems, and data from attacks. Cyber means technical appliances like computers, networks, and programs, and security means securing all those devices. Cyber Security is a set of fundamental processes in preventing attacks, damage, and unauthorized access to a particular network
Importance of Cyber Security
After understanding cyber security, you must have an idea about the importance of cyber security. Cyber security is a platform made to protect our electronic gadgets. It is the platform used in multiple areas, including banking, financial institutions, the government sector, and the other regions, to make devices more secure and safe.
Mostly Asked Cyber Security Interview Questions For Freshers 2022
Now that you have a basic knowledge about Cyber security so now it’s time to review all the Cyber security interview questions for freshers in 2022 that are mostly asked in the Interviews.
1. What is Cybersecurity?
Cybersecurity is the practice of protecting computer networks, systems, and data from malicious attacks. It includes designing, implementing, and maintaining security technologies, policies, procedures, and practices to prevent and detect cyber-attacks.
2. What can you do to prevent Cross Site Scripting?
To prevent cross-site scripting, we should follow several practices such as using an XSS filter, encoding special characters, using anti-XSS services/tools, and validating user inputs.
3. Mention the difference between Threat, Vulnerability, and Risk.
A threat is when someone can cause harm to the system by damaging or destroying it. The team was commonly known as a Phishing attack.
On the other hand,
A vulnerability is a weakness found in a system that can lead to threats. Security professionals know how important it is to be aware of potential threats and vulnerabilities. And when you’re not, you may be the one who gets hacked.
Last but not least, A risk refers to the damage that can be done to the data if or when a threat exploits the already present vulnerability.
4. What is the best way to strengthen user authentication?
You can strengthen your user authentication by using the below methods:
Two-factor authentication: Two-factor authentication requires the user to have two forms of identification to log into a system. This makes it harder for hackers to gain access to your system.
Good password policy: You should also use strong passwords and change them regularly. You can use a password manager to help you create strong passwords.
One-time passwords: These are random codes that users must enter before logging in to the system.
Password changes: You can change a user’s password frequently. This is an excellent way to ensure that users are not using the same password.
5. What is the difference between Asymmetric and Symmetric encryption?
Asymmetric and symmetric encryption are two different ways to encrypt data. Asymmetric encryption uses a public key to encrypt data and a private key to decrypt it and is the most common way to encrypt data.
However, it has some drawbacks as the public key is widely known, anyone can use it to encrypt a message, but only the person holding the private key can decrypt it.
On the other side, Symmetric encryption uses a single key to encrypt and decrypt messages. This method is more secure than asymmetric encryption because a single key is used to encrypt and decrypt the data, and only the person with the key can decrypt the message.
6. What is CSRF?
Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) is a common form of attack in which a malicious site can force a victim’s browser to execute unwanted commands on a legitimate site. The attacker aims to trick users into performing actions that compromise their accounts.
7. What is cognitive security?
Cognitive security is primarily an application of AI technology that identifies threats and protects the physical and digital systems. It is based on human understanding processes.
8. Importance of DNS monitoring?
The DNS is the most critical component of a website’s online presence. It is the gateway to all information about your site, including its IP address, name, and location. DNS monitoring is essential for several reasons.
It allows you to identify and resolve issues with your DNS before they can cause problems for users on your network. Moreover, it helps you keep track of any changes made by malicious actors that could negatively impact your network’s security or allow them to take control of certain aspects of it.
9. What are Black hat, White hat, and Grey hat hackers?
There are three types of hackers: Black Hat, White Hat, and Grey Hat.
- Black Hat hackers are malicious hackers who seek to obtain sensitive information, disrupt the operations of a network, or cause damage to a system.
- White Hat hackers are good guys concerned with protecting their customers’ data and systems.
- Grey Hat hackers don’t care about their victims; they are just after money.
10. What is a CIA triangle?
The CIA created the CIA triangle to illustrate how to protect the US from foreign threats. It is a 3-dimensional illustration that illustrates the relationship between three elements: Intelligence, Operations, and Communications. The CIA triangle is a helpful tool for illustrating how to protect your company from cyber attacks and other threats.
11. What is Cryptography?
Cryptography is a process of protecting information from third parties for whom the information is not made. Multiple techniques or programs are used to protect such information in this method.
12. What is the primary goal of cybersecurity?
As we have discussed that cybersecurity is a process of protecting data from unauthorized attacks. The CIA model lets the organizations develop such policies, which are very beneficial in protecting information. CIA stands for confidentially, integrity and availability.
• Confidentially: It is a set of tools that work the same as privacy and protect authorized access to the data. It lets the data access all those authorized to use it while restricting the others.
• Integrity: Integrity is the process which focuses on protecting unauthorized access. In other words, it is the method that lets the data get the data only used by those who are authorized to use that.
• Availability: The processes ensure that the information will be regularly available to get access. It checks for the system’s performance while ensuring that it must work properly.
13. What are the various advantages of cyber security?
There are many advantages of choosing cyber security. A few of them are:
• Beneficial in protecting a system from cyber attack and problems related to the data breach
• Very few unauthorized access
• Helpful in making data and the whole network more secure and safe.
14. What are the various types of cyberattacks?
• Malware
• Rogue Software
• DDoS
• Drive-By Downloads
• Malvertising
• Man in the Middle
• Phishing
• Password Attacks
15. What is Firewall, and what are the uses of a Firewall?
A firewall is a network security system that protects a particular system from viruses and even malware. It is also very much beneficial in protecting remote access and even content.
16. What are the different steps that are used in setting up a firewall?
These are the different steps that are used in setting up a firewall
• Modify or change the default password for the firewall device
• Enable remote administration feature
• Check for the port forwarding option for various applications and ensure that they are working correctly or not.
• While installing a firewall and your DHCP will create a problem for you.
• Learn about the policies and learn whether your Firewall is configured correctly or not.
17. What is traceroute, and what are its different uses of it?
Traceroute is very beneficial in tracing the path of a particular packet, and it checks for the points on which the packets can travel. It is the tool which is used during the case when packages are not going to find out their actual path. It checks for the connection and learns about the things due to which the connection interrupts.
18. What is VPN?
It is the major interview question that the interviewer always asks you. VPN is also known as a virtual private network. VPN is known as Virtual Private Network, and the main aim of this network is to protect, safe, and encrypt connections. While using a VPN network, data is sent to the point and then sent back after decrypting that information. And finally, the decrypted information is sent back. The main aim of the VPN is to protect the data.
19. What is Phishing, and how to overcome the situation?
Phishing is an attack where a hacker wants the financial information of a particular person while sending them emails or messages.
Here are a few actions that you can take to prevent the Phishing
• Use firewall
• Learn about how secure a particular website is before clicking on it
• Make use of the anti-phishing toolbar
• Make use of antivirus software
20. What are the different TCP/IP layer protocols?
• Application Layer – SNMP, RDISC, NFS, rsh, telnet
• Transport Layer – UDP, TCP
• Internet layer – ICMP, ARP
• Data Link – PPP and IEEE 802.2
• Physical Layer – Ethernet, Token Ring
21. What is cognitive cyber security?
Cognitive cyber security is all used within the artificial intelligence technology, and it is all made according to the human thought process and beneficial in checking for the threats.
22. What is Port Blocking, which is used in LAN?
Port blocking is very beneficial in restricting a particular to access particular services while using the Local Area Network.
23. What is Botnet?
The botnet is very beneficial in sending spam information and stealing data from a particular network. A botnet is a condition when multiple devices are connected across the internet, and all of these devices have more than one bot running over them.
24. What do you mean by salted hashtags?
When a system receives a new password, then a system creates multiple information for that password, which are combined value, random salt value, and a hash value for that particular password.
25. Have you ever used patch management?
Patch management is done once it comes to the cyber world. After its release, it will get automatically applied to multiple machines within one month.
26. What is a MITM attack, and is there any way to prevent that attack?
MITM, or Man in the middle attack, is a condition when hackers place themselves in between two persons to steal information from them.
Ways to prevent the attack:
• Make use of the Intrusion detection system
• Use VPN
• Make use of HTTP
• Try to use public key pair based authentication
27. How will you reset a password within BIOS protected configuration?
The only way to reset a password within a BIOS-protected configuration is to remove its CMOS battery so that all the settings within the device will lose as. As a result, it will lose all of its settings.
28. What is XXS attack, and how to prevent that?
XXS or cross-site scripting is a cyber attack that lets the hackers add malicious client-side scripts to web pages. These are the ways to prevent XXS attacks.
- Try to Sanitize user inputs.
- Always use XSS HTML Filter.
Conclusion
So, these are the top 20 most asked cyber security questions for freshers. So, if you want to build a cyber security career, you must know these questions. These are some of the most famous questions for a cyber security interview.
I believe the above information will be very beneficial in clearing your cyber security interview; moreover, if you are still unsure how to crack the Interview.
In that case, I recommend you join our Cyber security course that covers all asked questions for cyber security.
Additionally, our trainer will help you with the mock tests that again allow you to crack your cyber security interview.
